Part III: Experimental Methods

Modern biophysical techniques: single-molecule manipulation, fluorescence microscopy, X-ray crystallography, and cryo-electron microscopy.

Single-Molecule Techniques

Optical traps, magnetic tweezers, AFM

Fluorescence & FRET

Fluorescence lifetime, FRET efficiency, super-resolution

X-ray Crystallography

Bragg law, structure factors, phase problem

Cryo-Electron Microscopy

Single particle analysis, CTF, resolution revolution

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