20 lives in this collection worked in analysis, from 1616 to today. Each has a full course on their life and the mathematics and physics they made.
Often together with: number theory, algebra, mathematical physics, mechanics, probability theory, algebraic geometry, algebraic number theory, calculus of variations, celestial mechanics, differential equations. All fields
Savilian Professor of Geometry at Oxford whose Arithmetica infinitorum extended quadrature to fractional powers, gave the infinite product for π and led Newton to the binomial series.
analysis, infinitesimal methods, number theory
Huguenot exile in London who found the normal approximation to the binomial distribution, the formula (cos x + i sin x)^n = cos nx + i sin nx, and the first practical mathematics of life annuities.
probability theory, analysis, actuarial science
Scottish Newtonian whose Treatise of Fluxions gave a rigorous calculus, the integral test and the Euler–Maclaurin formula, and who found the equilibrium figures of rotating fluid bodies.
calculus, analysis, geometry
The most prolific mathematician in history, who shaped modern analysis and notation, founded graph theory, and wrote the equations of rigid bodies and ideal fluids.
analysis, number theory, graph theory
French mathematician and philosopher who founded dynamics on d'Alembert's principle, solved the wave equation, and co-edited the Encyclopédie.
mechanics, partial differential equations, fluid dynamics
Founder of rigorous analysis and complex function theory, and creator of the stress tensor and the theory of linear elasticity.
analysis, complex analysis, differential equations
Kazan mathematician who published the first non-Euclidean (hyperbolic) geometry in 1829 and was rector of Kazan University for nineteen years.
geometry, non-euclidean geometry, analysis
Proved the general quintic unsolvable by radicals, founded the theory of elliptic and abelian functions, and gave his name to commutative groups.
algebra, analysis, elliptic functions
Founder of analytic number theory, who proved the theorem on primes in arithmetic progressions and gave the first rigorous convergence theorem for Fourier series.
number theory, analysis, fourier series
Mathematician and logician who formulated De Morgan's laws, named mathematical induction, founded the logic of relations and was first president of the London Mathematical Society.
logic, algebra, analysis
French analyst who founded the Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées, published Galois's work, constructed the first transcendental numbers and gave his name to theorems on eigenvalue problems, phase-space volume, elementary integrals and conformal maps.
analysis, differential equations, mathematical physics
Inventor of ideal numbers, who proved Fermat's Last Theorem for regular primes and found the quartic surface with sixteen nodes.
algebraic number theory, analysis, algebraic geometry
French analyst and number theorist who proved the transcendence of e, solved the quintic with modular functions, and introduced Hermitian forms.
number theory, elliptic functions, invariant theory
French mathematician whose Traité des substitutions (1870) founded group theory as a discipline, and who introduced the Jordan normal form, composition series, functions of bounded variation, Jordan content and the Jordan curve theorem.
group theory, linear algebra, analysis
St Petersburg mathematician who created the theory of Markov chains and contributed to number theory, the moment problem, polynomial inequalities and the limit theorems of probability.
probability theory, number theory, approximation theory
Founder of the analytic theory of continued fractions who posed and solved the moment problem and introduced the Stieltjes integral.
analysis, continued fractions, moment problem
Founder of general topology and of the theory of ordered sets, creator of Hausdorff measure and dimension, who also wrote philosophy and literature as Paul Mongré.
set theory, general topology, measure theory
Founder of modern Japanese mathematics who proved that the abelian extensions of a number field are exactly its class fields.
algebraic number theory, class field theory, analysis
Universal mathematician who founded gauge theory and the representation theory of compact Lie groups, and proved the Weyl law and the equidistribution theorem.
analysis, lie groups and representation theory, differential geometry
Analyst of variational and eigenvalue problems, co-author of the CFL condition, and founder of the mathematical institutes at Göttingen and New York University.
analysis, partial differential equations, calculus of variations