3 lives in this collection worked in mineralogy, from 973 to today. Each has a full course on their life and the mathematics and physics they made.
Khwarazmian polymath who measured the Earth's radius from a hilltop, determined longitudes from eclipse timings, systematized trigonometry for astronomy in the Mas'udic Canon, and wrote the classic medieval study of India.
astronomy, trigonometry, geodesy
Swedish chemist who measured accurate atomic weights, introduced modern chemical symbols, discovered cerium, selenium and thorium, and named isomerism and catalysis.
chemistry, electrochemistry, mineralogy
Discoverer of Bragg's law of X-ray reflection, joint Nobel laureate with his father at 25, and founder of crystal-structure analysis from rock salt to proteins.
x-ray crystallography, solid-state physics, mineralogy