History Exploration

Oceanography · Part 1

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Table of Contents

  1. 1.From Ancient Mariners to Modern Science
  2. 2.Polynesian Navigation
  3. 3.HMS Challenger Expedition (1872--1876)
  4. 4.Nansen's Fram Expedition and the Meteor Expedition
  5. 5.The Plate Tectonics Revolution
  6. 6.Submersibles and Deep-Sea Exploration
  7. 7.Modern Observing Programs
  8. 8.Python: Timeline of Discoveries and Argo Float Positions
  9. 9.Fortran: Great Circle Distances for Navigation Routes
  10. 10.Transformative Technologies in Ocean Exploration

Key Equations

$$\text{Age}(x) = \frac{x}{v_{\text{spread}}}$$
$$d = 2R \arcsin\left(\sqrt{\sin^2\left(\frac{\Delta\phi}{2}\right) + \cos\phi_1 \cos\phi_2 \sin^2\left(\frac{\Delta\lambda}{2}\right)}\right)$$

Equations are rendered with MathJax in the PDF with professional LaTeX typesetting.

Course Context

This PDF is part of the Oceanography course on CoursesHub.World. Explore the science of the seas from physical and chemical properties to marine biology and climate interactions. Covers ocean circulation, waves and tides, marine ecosystems, seafloor geology, climat...

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