Marine Minerals

Oceanography · Part 9

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Table of Contents

  1. 1.Polymetallic (Manganese) Nodules
  2. 2.Ferromanganese Crusts & Polymetallic Sulfides
  3. 3.Methane Hydrates (Clathrates)
  4. 4.Deep-Sea Mining Technology & Governance
  5. 5.Python: Mineral Grade Analysis & Economic Viability
  6. 6.Fortran: Methane Hydrate P–T Phase Diagram
  7. 7.Phosphorites & Placer Deposits
  8. 8.Ferromanganese Crusts
  9. 9.Polymetallic Sulfides (SMS)
  10. 10.Mining System Components

Key Equations

$$G = \frac{\Delta r}{\Delta t} \approx 1\text{--}10 \;\text{mm/Myr}$$
$$M_{\text{metal}} = \int\!\!\int_A \rho_A(x,y) \cdot g_{\text{metal}}(x,y) \, dA$$
$$\text{SI} = \log_{10}\!\left(\frac{\text{IAP}}{K_{sp}(T, P)}\right), \quad \text{precipitation when SI} > 0$$
$$\ln P_{eq} = \frac{A}{T} + B$$

Equations are rendered with MathJax in the PDF with professional LaTeX typesetting.

Course Context

This PDF is part of the Oceanography course on CoursesHub.World. Explore the science of the seas from physical and chemical properties to marine biology and climate interactions. Covers ocean circulation, waves and tides, marine ecosystems, seafloor geology, climat...

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