Electronics

From Ohm's law to VLSI — circuits, semiconductors, amplifiers, digital logic, signal processing, power conversion, and modern design.

The Electronics Landscape

ElectronicSystemsCircuitFundamentalsSemiconductorPhysicsAnalogElectronicsDigitalElectronicsSignalProcessingPowerElectronics

About This Course

Electronics is the science and engineering of controlling electric current to process information and convert energy. From the transistor radio to the smartphone, from the Mars rover to the MRI scanner, electronic circuits are the foundation of modern technology.

This course starts from first principles — Ohm's law and Kirchhoff's laws — and builds systematically through semiconductor physics, analog amplifier design, digital logic, signal processing, power conversion, and modern design practices. Every chapter includes interactive Python simulations and detailed mathematical derivations with MathJax.

The key equations of electronics span centuries of physics:\(V = IR\) (Ohm, 1827),\(I = I_0(e^{V/V_T} - 1)\) (Shockley diode),\(V_{out} = A_{OL}(V^+ - V^-)\) (op-amp),\(f_s \geq 2f_{max}\) (Nyquist), and \(P_{out}/P_{in} = \eta\) (efficiency).

21

Chapters

7

Parts

20+

Python Simulations

100+

Circuit Diagrams

Course Structure

Part I

Circuit Fundamentals

DC & AC

Ohm’s law, Kirchhoff’s laws, voltage dividers, RC/RL/RLC transients, AC steady-state analysis, impedance, and phasors.

Part II

Semiconductor Physics

From Atoms to Transistors

Band theory, intrinsic and doped semiconductors, PN junctions, diode circuits, BJTs, and MOSFETs.

Part III

Analog Electronics

Amplification & Feedback

Small-signal amplifier models, operational amplifiers, inverting/non-inverting configurations, negative feedback, Bode plots, and stability.

Part IV

Digital Electronics

Logic & State

Boolean algebra, combinational logic gates (AND, OR, NOT, NAND, XOR), sequential logic, flip-flops, counters, and finite state machines.

Part V

Signal Processing

Analog ↔ Digital

Nyquist sampling, ADCs and DACs, analog and digital filter design (Butterworth, Chebyshev, FIR/IIR), AM/FM modulation.

Part VI

Power Electronics

Energy Conversion

Diode rectifiers, linear and switching voltage regulators, buck/boost/buck-boost converters, H-bridges, and motor drive circuits.

Part VII

Modern Electronics

21st Century

PCB layout and design rules, microcontroller programming (Arduino/STM32), RF front-ends, VLSI design flow, and photonics.

Recommended Textbooks

  • The Art of Electronics — Horowitz & Hill (3rd ed., 2015)
  • Microelectronic Circuits — Sedra & Smith (8th ed., 2020)
  • Digital Design and Computer Architecture — Harris & Harris (2nd ed., 2012)
  • Fundamentals of Power Electronics — Erickson & Maksimovi\u0107 (3rd ed., 2020)
  • Practical Electronics for Inventors — Scherz & Monk (4th ed., 2016)

Video Lectures: Electronics 110/120

Complete lecture series covering fundamentals of electricity, AC circuits, semiconductors, transistors, amplifiers, and digital logic.

1. Fundamentals of Electricity

2. Current

3. Voltage

4. Resistance

5. Ohm's Law

7. Power

8. DC Circuit Wrapup

9. Magnetism

11. Capacitance

12. AC

13. AC Measurements

14. Resistive AC Circuits

16. Inductive Reactance

17. Resonance

18. Transformers

19. Semiconductors

20. PN Junction Diodes

21. Bipolar Junction Transistors

22. Field Effect Transistors (FETs)

24. Thyristors

28. Amplifier Basics

29. Amplifier Applications

30. Oscillators

31. Combinational Logic Circuits

32. Binary Number System

33. Logic Gates

MIT 6.131: Power Electronics

30 lectures covering rectifiers, DC/DC converters, magnetics, inverters, three-phase systems, control, and EMI filters.

1. Introduction to Power Electronics

2. Analysis Methods & Rectifiers

3. Load Regulation

4. Power Factor

5. Intro to DC/DC, Part 1

6. DC/DC, Part 2

7. DC/DC, Part 3

8. DC/DC, Part 4

9. Magnetics, Part 1

10. Magnetics, Part 2

11. Magnetics, Part 3

12. Magnetics, Part 4

13. Isolated DC/DC, Part 1

14. Isolated DC/DC, Part 2

15. Switching Losses & Snubbers

16. Thermal Modeling & Heat Sinking

17. Inverters, Part 1

18. Inverters, Part 2

19. Inverters, Part 3

20. Switched-Mode Rectifiers

21. Three-Phase Systems, Part 1

22. Three-Phase Systems, Part 2

23. Three-Phase Inverters

24. Control, Part 1

25. Control, Part 2

26. Control, Part 3

27. Current-Mode Control

28. EMI Filters, Part 1

29. EMI Filters, Part 2

30. EMI Filters, Part 3